![]() ![]() Materials and Methods: This study included five steps: (i) design of the new system (ii) production of the new system (iii) ex vivo evaluation of its perfusion-thermal functions (iv) mathematic modeling and computer simulation to confirm the optimal temperature profiles during the thermal ablation process, and (v) in vivo technical validation using five living rabbits with orthotopic liver tumors. Purpose: To develop a novel three-dimensional (3D) multi-modal perfusion-thermal electrode system completely eradicating medium-to-large malignancies. This report finishes with a summary of the key messages and a perspective on further technologic refinements and identifies some specific priorities.īackground: Residual viable tumor cells after ablation at the tumor periphery serve as the source for tumor recurrence, leading to treatment failure. The crucial role of imaging technology during and after RFA is also addressed, including some promising new developments. The unique pathophysiologic process of thermal tissue damage and the corresponding histomorphologic manifestations after RFA are detailed and cross-referenced with the findings in the current literature. The size and geometry of induced lesions in relation to RFA efficacy and side effects are discussed. These basic discussions are substantiated with descriptions of RFA equipment including those commercially available and those under preclinical development. After an introduction, we present a simple definition of the energy applied during RFA, a brief historical review of its technical evolution, and an explanation of the mechanism of action of RFA. ![]() To help readers gain the relevant background knowledge and to better understand the other reviews in this Feature Section on the clinical applications of RFA in different abdominal organs, the present report covers the general aspects of RFA. ![]() As an alternative to standard surgical resection for the treatment of malignant tumors, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has rapidly evolved into the most popular minimally invasive therapy. ![]()
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March 2023
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